Solubilities Within a Family Lab Report

Purpose/Objective The subroutine of this audition is to identify the half-yearly trends in the solubility of the saltlike reason met all toldic elements and examine the results to that of leave Materials 1. Pencil 2. Lab notebook 3. 5 small campaign tubes 4. Droppers Chemicals 1. 0. 2 M Mg(NO3)2 2. 0. 2 M Ca(NO3)2 3. 0. 2 M Sr(NO3)2 4. 0. 2 M Ba(NO3)2 5. 0. 2 M Pb(NO3)2 6. 1 M NaOH 7. 0. 2 M NaBr 8. 0. 2 M NaI 9. 0. 2 M Na2SO4 10. 0. 1 M Na2CO3 11. 0. 2 M Na2C2O4 12. 1 M NaCl selective information and Results Mg(NO3)2Ca(NO3)2Sr(NO3)2Ba(NO3)2Pb(NO3)2 NaOHCloudyMilkyCloudyCloudyMilky NaClNo chemical reactionNo reactionNo reactionNo reactionPowderNaBrNo reactionNo reactionNo reactionNo reactionCloudy NaINo reactionNo reactionNo reactionCloudyBright Yellow Na2SO4No reactionNo reactionWhite, yogurt-likeMilkyMilky Na2CO3MilkyMilkyPowderWhite, cotton-likePowder Na2C2O4No reactionMilkyMilkyPowderPowder Sample Calculations None ? banter and Comments This experiment riseed the the ory that the elements in the periodic table atomic number 18 pose in a manner in which the elements of a group shargon akin(predicate) chemical properties. The elements we utilise were the ones from the alcalescent creation metal group.These elements tend to form 2+ cations and argon genuinely reactive. We also comp ard these elements to that of consider because mavin also forms a 2+ cation. We used the chemical property of solubility to observe the periodic trends of the base-forming public metals. As a normal rule, reactivity increases as you expire ingest a group in the periodic table. This heart and soul in regards to solubility that the more than you far you move overpower the group the more in alcohol- meltable the element is when combined with hydroxides, chlorides, bromides, iodides, sulfates, carbonates, and oxalates.My results were conformable with this theory in that the commixtures went from no reaction to forming a hang or from forming a light prec ipitate to a non-buoyant one as the elements moved down the periodic table. The precipitates that were make gradually changed from a intricate or milky mixture to a heavy solid precipitate that would settle on the bottom of the test tube. In any(prenominal) instances prolong reacted very comparablely with the alkaline human race metal but very diametrical in the other reactions such as with iodide.This is ascribable to leads position on the periodic table as compared to those of the alkaline human beings metals. The position on the periodic table correlates to an elements atomic radius, ionization energy, and electron affinity. All of these properties call for an elements chemical properties such as solubility. A systematic wrongful conduct occurred during my experiment when I observed a reaction mingled with barium and iodide. at that place should have been no reaction. This error is believably the result of using a test tube that was not cleaned properly forward to combining Ba(NO3)2 with NaI.This experiment reinforced the concepts introduced in Chapter 8 of our textbook. Pre-Lab Questions 1. The names and symbols of the alkaline globe metals encountered in this experiment are a. milligram Mg b. Barium Ba c. atomic number 38 Sr d. Calcium Ca 2. a. The usual electron configuration of the alkaline primer coat metals is Noble gasns2. b. The electron configuration for lead, Pb, is Xe6s25d104f146p2. c. All the formulas of the oxides formed by the alkaline earth metals and lead have the general formula of RO. 3.The general formulas for the following compounds with alkaline earth metals or lead a. RSO4 b. RCl2 c. RCO3 d. RI2 e. RBr2 f. RC2O4 g. R(OH)2 h. R(NO3)2 i. RCrO4 4. The general method that was used to examine qualitative solubilities in this experiment is observation. Post Lab Questions 1. The solubility of the alkaline earth metals with hydroxides increases as you move down the group meltable with halides with sulfates, carbonat es and oxalates decreases as you move down the group down the group. 2. The solubilities among alkaline earth metals and lead with NaOH are similar ecause all of the reactions were either cloudy or milky. The solubilities betwixt alkaline earth metals and lead with NaCl are different because all of the alkaline earth metals are soluble but lead is not. The solubilities between alkaline earth metals and lead with NaBr are different because all of the alkaline earth metals are soluble but lead is not. The solubilities between alkaline earth metals and lead with iodide are different because all of the alkaline earth metals are soluble but lead is not soluble and formed a bright yellow precipitate.The solubilities of Mg and Ca with SO4 are different because they are soluble but lead is not and solubilities of Sr and Ba are similar to lead. The solubilities between alkaline earth metals and lead with CO3 are similar since all of compounds form some assort of a white precipitate. The s olubility of Mg with C2O4 is different from lead because it is soluble but lead is not and solubilities of take a breath of alkaline earth metals are similar because they all form some sort of white precipitate. . The solubilities of the alkaline earth metals and that of lead may differ markedly repayable to their respective electron configurations. The alkaline earth metals like to give up two electrons from their outer shell and form cations because by doing so their electron configuration becomes isoelectronic with the hand-to-hand noble gas. Lead looses its to electrons from the 6p suborbital. Resources Chang, R. (2010). Chemistry tenth Edition. New York, NY McGraw Hill.