Tuesday, November 26, 2019

Learn About the 3 Main Stages of Cellular Respiration

Learn About the 3 Main Stages of Cellular Respiration We all need energy to function, and we get that energy from the foods we eat. Extracting those nutrients necessary to keep us going and then converting them into useable energy is the job of our cells. This complex yet efficient metabolic process, called cellular respiration, converts the energy derived from sugars, carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, a high-energy molecule that drives processes like muscle contraction and nerve impulses. Cellular respiration occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells,  with most reactions taking place in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes and in the mitochondria of eukaryotes.   There are three main stages of cellular respiration: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport/oxidative phosphorylation. Sugar Rush Glycolysis literally means splitting sugars, and it is the 10-step process by which sugars are released for energy. Glycolysis  occurs when glucose and oxygen are supplied to the cells by the bloodstream, and it takes place in the cells cytoplasm. Glycolysis can also occur without oxygen, a process called anaerobic respiration, or fermentation. When glycolysis occurs without oxygen, cells make small amounts of ATP. Fermentation also produces lactic acid, which can build up in muscle tissue, causing soreness and a burning sensation. Carbs, Proteins, and Fats The Citric Acid Cycle,  also known as the tricarboxylic acid cycle or the  Krebs Cycle,  begins after the two molecules of the three carbon sugar produced in glycolysis are converted to a slightly different compound (acetyl CoA). It is the process that allows us to use the energy found in carbohydrates,  proteins, and  fats. Although the citric acid cycle does not use oxygen directly, it works only when oxygen is present. This cycle takes place in the matrix of cell  mitochondria. Through a series of intermediate steps, several compounds capable of storing high energy electrons are produced along with two ATP molecules. These compounds, known as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), are reduced in the process. The reduced forms (NADH and FADH2) carry the high energy electrons to the next stage. Aboard the Electron Transport Train Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation is the third and final step in aerobic cellular respiration. The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes and electron carrier molecules found within the mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. Through a series of reactions, the high energy electrons generated in the citric acid cycle are passed to oxygen. In the process, a chemical and electrical gradient is formed across the inner mitochondrial membrane as hydrogen ions are pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix and into the inner membrane space. ATP is ultimately produced by oxidative phosphorylation- the process by which enzymes in the cell oxidize nutrients. The protein  ATP synthase uses the energy produced by the electron transport chain for  the phosphorylation (adding a phosphate group to a molecule) of ADP to ATP. Most ATP generation occurs during the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation stage of cellular respiration.

Saturday, November 23, 2019

The Moche Culture, Guide to the History and Archaeology

The Moche Culture, Guide to the History and Archaeology The Moche culture (ca. AD 100-750) was a South American society, with cities, temples, canals, and farmsteads located along the arid coast in a narrow strip between the Pacific Ocean and the Andes mountains of Peru. The Moche or Mochica are perhaps best known for their ceramic art: their pots include life-sized portrait heads of individuals and three-dimensional representations of animals and people. Many of these pots, looted long ago from Moche sites, can be found in museums throughout the world: not much more about the context from where they were stolen is known. Moche art is also reflected in polychrome and/or three-dimensional murals made of plastered clay on their public buildings, some of which are open to visitors. These murals depict a wide range of figures and themes, including warriors and their prisoners, priests and supernatural beings. Studied in detail, the murals and decorated ceramics reveal much about the ritual behaviors of the Moche, such as the Warrior Narrative. Moche Chronology Scholars have come to recognize two autonomous geographic regions for the Moche, separated by the Paijan desert in Peru. They had separate rulers  with the capital of the Northern Moche at Sipn, and that of the Southern Moche at the Huacas de Moche. The two regions have slightly different chronologies and have some variations in material culture. Early Intermediate (AD 100-550) North: Early and Middle Moche; South: Moche Phase I-IIIMiddle Horizon (AD 550-950) N: Late Moche A, B, and C; S: Moche Phase IV-V, Pre-Chimu or CasmaLate Intermediate (AD 950-1200) N: Sican; S: Chimu Moche Politics and Economy The Moche were a stratified society with a powerful elite and an elaborate, well-codified ritual process. The political economy was based on the presence of large civic-ceremonial centers that produced a wide range of goods which were marketed to rural agrarian villages. The villages, in turn, supported the city centers by producing a wide range of cultivated crops. Prestige goods created in the urban centers were distributed to rural leaders to support their power and control over those parts of society. During the Middle Moche period (ca AD 300-400), the Moche polity was split into two autonomous spheres divided by the Paijan Desert. The Northern Moche capital was at Sipan; the southern at the Huacas de Moche, where the Huaca de la Luna and Huaca del Sol are the anchor pyramids. The ability to control water, particularly in the face of droughts and extreme rainfall and flooding resulting from the El Nià ±o Southern Oscillation drove much of the Moche economics and political strategies. The Moche built an extensive network of canals to increase agricultural productivity in their regions. Corn, beans, squash, avocado, guavas, chili peppers, and beans were grown by the Moche people; they domesticated llamas, guinea pigs, and ducks. They also fished and hunted plants and animals in the region, and traded lapis lazuli and spondylus shell objects from long distances. The Moche were expert weavers, and metallurgists used lost wax casting and cold hammering techniques to work gold, silver, and copper. While the Moche did not leave a written record (they may have used the quipu recording technique that we have yet to decipher), the Moche ritual contexts and their daily lives are known because of excavations and detailed study of their ceramic, sculptural and mural art. Moche Architecture In addition to the canals and aqueducts, architectural elements of Moche society included large monumental pyramid-shaped architecture called huacas  which were apparently partly temples, palaces, administrative centers, and ritual meeting places. The huacas were large platform mounds, built of thousands of adobe bricks, and some of them towered hundreds of feet above the valley floor. On top of the tallest platforms were large patios, rooms and corridors, and a high bench for the seat of the ruler. Most of the Moche centers had two huacas, one larger than the other. Between the two huacas could be found the Moche cities, including cemeteries, residential compounds, storage facilities and craft workshops. Some planning of the centers is evident, since the layout of the Moche centers are very similar, and organized along streets. Ordinary people at Moche sites lived in rectangular adobe-brick compounds, where several families resided. Within the compounds were rooms used for living and sleeping, craft workshops, and storage facilities. Houses at Moche sites are generally made of well-standardized adobe brick. Some case of shaped stone foundations are known in hill slope locations: these shaped stone structures  may be of higher status individuals, although more work needs to be completed. Moche Burials A wide range of burial types are evidenced in Moche society, roughly based on the social rank of the deceased.  Several elite burials  have been found at  Moche sites, such as  Sipn, San Josà © de Moro, Dos Cabezas, La Mina and Ucupe in the Zana Valley. These elaborate burials include a considerable quantity of grave goods  and are often highly stylized. Often copper artifacts are found in the mouth, hands and under the feet of the interred individual. Generally, the corpse was prepared and placed in a coffin made of canes. The body is buried lying on its back in a fully-extended position, head to the south, upper limbs extended. Burial chambers range from an underground room made of adobe brick, a simple pit burial or a boot tomb.  Grave goods  are always present, including personal artifacts. Other mortuary practices include delayed burials, grave reopenings and secondary offerings of human remains. Moche Violence Evidence that violence was a significant part of Moche society was first identified in ceramic and mural art. Images of warriors in battle, ​decapitations, and sacrifices were originally believed to have been ritual enactments, at least in part, but recent archaeological investigations have revealed that some of the scenes were realistic portrayals of events in Moche society. In particular, bodies of victims have been found at  Huaca de la Luna, some of which were dismembered or decapitated and some were clearly sacrificed during episodes of torrential rains. Genetic data support the identification of these individuals as enemy combatants. History of Moche Archaeology The Moche were first recognized as a distinct cultural phenomenon by archaeologist  Max Uhle, who studied the site of Moche in the early decades of the 20th century. The  Moche civilization  is also associated with Rafael Larco Hoyle, the father of  Moche archaeology who proposed the first relative chronology based on ceramics. Sources A photo essay on the  recent excavations at Sipan  has been constructed, which includes some detail concerning the ritual sacrifices and burials undertaken by the Moche. Chapdelaine, Claude. Recent Advances in Moche Archaeology. Journal of Archaeological Research, Volume 19, Issue 2, SpringerLink, June 2011. Donnan CB. 2010. Moche State Religion: A Unifying Force in Moche Political Organization. In: Quilter J, and Castillo LJ, editors.  New Perspectives on Moche Political Organization. Washington DC: Dumbarton Oaks. p 47-49. Donnan CB. 2004.  Moche Portraits from Ancient Peru. University of Texas Press: Austin. Huchet JB, and Greenberg B. 2010.  Flies, Mochicas and burial practices: a case study from Huaca de la Luna, Peru.  Journal of Archaeological Science  37(11):2846-2856. Jackson MA. 2004. The Chimà º Sculptures of Huacas Tacaynamo and El Dragon, Moche Valley, Peru.  Latin American Antiquity  15(3):298-322. Sutter RC, and Cortez RJ. 2005. The Nature of Moche Human Sacrifice: A Bio-Archaeological Perspective.  Current Anthropology  46(4):521-550. Sutter RC, and Verano JW. 2007.  Biodistance analysis of the Moche sacrificial victims from Huaca de la Luna plaza 3C: Matrix method test of their origins.  American Journal of Physical Anthropology  132(2):193-206. Swenson E. 2011.  Stagecraft and the Politics of Spectacle in Ancient Peru.  Cambridge Archaeological Journal  21(02):283-313. Weismantel M. 2004. Moche sex pots: Reproduction and temporality in ancient South America.  American Anthropologist  106(3):495-505.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Duties of an Intergovernmental Public Manager Essay

Duties of an Intergovernmental Public Manager - Essay Example DSS had a budget of $770 million for 2007, over 3,300 employees most of whom are social workers (2,600-plus) and some 580 in administrative work, and is under the Office of Children, Youth, and Family Services (annual budget: $1.6 billion) under the Health & Human Services budget item which, at over $12 billion annually, is the Commonwealth's single biggest expenditure. Considering that the DSS has the largest departmental budget in Massachusetts (accounting for 6%) makes it easier to understand the important role of Mr. Kelley as the Department's Audit Manager, especially when the general public is clamoring for greater fiscal accountability (Kelley, 2007). Mr. Kelley is a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) who has steadily gone up the ranks of the DSS bureaucracy. When he was still in college, he was thinking of working at one of the established accounting firms but decided to work instead with the government because he felt that this was where he would find the best work-life balance. Coming from a long line of public servants, Mr. Kelley found it easier to decide to become one. It was a decision he never regretted. When asked whether education or experience played the most important role in his success, he claimed that one without the other would not have been enough, since auditing/accounting is a highly-technical profession that combined intellectual and mathematical skills with a dash of detective work. Without education, the highest position one could get would have been that of a bookkeeping clerk. Experience played an important role because although education could get you started, one needed to learn from experience to survive and thrive. He learned the most from his mistakes, of which there were several. What helped him most, however, was a mentor, a senior bureaucrat now retired but who trained him on the intricacies of the bureaucracy. The DSS is one of the most important human services offices in the Commonwealth and their mandate of taking care of the most helpless citizens - children who are abandoned or abused by those who are supposed to care for them - puts Mr. Kelley's work in the proper context. He talked about his sacred duty to ensure that all federal and state funds channeled to the department find their beneficiaries in the most efficient and effective manner. He passionately believes that how a society takes care of its most helpless members is a measure of the society's values and quality. The fact that the DSS gets one of the biggest shares of the budget exposes the office to a lot of politics, which goes on not only within DSS or the Commonwealth structure competing for funds, but also with other private charities in and out of Massachusetts. This is something he has learned to manage quite well, but that he sees as something that comes with the territory. Contrary to common perceptions, government offices are highly dynamic and change quite more rapidly as top officials can be changed every two years. Thus, policies change and, with these changes, so do management styles and points of focus. One of the most remarkable change efforts within the organization started taking place in 1989 and is still ongoing, which is the implementation of Chapter 647, a Commonwealth Act designed to improve the internal controls within all State agencies. The law aimed at improving the

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Some exam questions I need explained Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Some exam questions I need explained - Essay Example PEST (Political, Economical, Socio-cultural, Technological factors) analysis is an important strategic planning tool. It proves to be a useful stepping stone for the analysis of external factors for an organization. It is also useful to analyze the feasibility of a certain project with reference to different external factors that might affect its execution. This model covers a broader aspect of the prevailing environmental factors than SWOT analysis. Porter’s 5 Forces: This model was developed by Michael E. Porter in 1980. He formulated the model on the basis of 5 competitive forces that tend to determine the nature of every industry. Organization can evaluate the level of competition, profitability and acceptance rate of an industry with the help of these forces; threat of new competitors, bargaining power of the suppliers, rate of rivalry in the industry, bargaining power of customers, threat of substitutes. Value Chain Analysis: It is considered to be a systematic approach; involves a sequence of functions and actions that build value for the organization. Value chain analysis plays a major role in the development of competitive advantage in the market. It equals to the cumulative value that is provided by the organization. Experience Curve Effect: This concept was formulated in 1966 by Bruce Henderson. Experience is considered to be an asset for any organization. The concept promotes the increment of this asset in different forms in the organization, for example, hiring of experienced resources, collaboration with other companies etc. According to the experience curve effect; if a company gains greater experience in a specific field or production process then 25 to 30 % of the costs can be decreased. It can help the organization to evaluate the success rate of the company and increase revenues. BCG (Boston Consulting Group) Matrix: is a portfolio management model. It categorizes the products of the organization

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Discussion Board 2 - Apologetics Essay Example for Free

Discussion Board 2 Apologetics Essay 1. What are some ways the Christian gospel is perceived in our culture? To many individuals, the Christian gospel is seen as selective and intolerant. Although we are all free to accept the gift of salvation through Christ, He tells us in John 14:6 that He is â€Å"the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me.† To many, this will seem intolerant and almost haughty. How can a God who wants nothing more than to have a relationship with us say that there is only one way to do so? 2. What are some specific moral reasons people may reject the Christian gospel? Many individuals who will reject the Christian gospel do so for moral reasons such as their sexual preferences (gay, bi, or straight), their marital status, or the apparent intolerant moral code found in the Word of God. People believe that you have to give up everything that is worldly to follow Christ, and that Christians think they are more righteous than others. The fact is, you will have to give up living in sin, and you will have to give up treasures of the world, but the heavenly treasures that you gain will outshine any possession that you will have on this earth. 3. What are some specific emotional reasons people may reject the Christian gospel? One specific emotional reason that people will reject the Christian gospel is that they cannot grasp the concept of God’s unconditional love. God loves each and every one of us, even the worst sinner, and tells us in His Word. People will say things like â€Å"God would not let me be poor, or God would not have let me be abused like I was.† Even though we are all loved by God, and He wants us to have a relationship with Him and be happy and well, even the most devout Christian has to go through trials and tribulations. 4. What are some specific intellectual reasons people may reject the Christian gospel? For most Christians, believing in God is â€Å"faith-based,† and that there is no room for science and fact in Christianity. Many non-Christians will say that the Bible is nothing more than a collection of fairy tales for those who are easily enchanted and to make the people who read them feel good. The intellectual non-believer’s insistence that the Bible has no basis in fact  is one reason that they will reject the message, even though there is historical proof to show that Christ lived, died, and was resurrected, as well as that many other Biblical places and people existed at one point in time, even if they do not anymore. 5. What can Christians do to address these objections and better communicate the Christian gospel? As Christians, when we approach someone and begin to talk about our faith, it may seem like they are a little frightened, or maybe just upset and unwilling to take a leap of faith. They maybe feel like we have come on too strong, even though we know that we are just eager to talk about our faith. It is important for Christians to learn that we need to be patient with others but also diligent as we share the gospel of Christ.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Impressions Of Television :: essays research papers fc

Impressions of Television SOME AMERICANS COMPLAIN THAT THERE IS TOO MUCH VIOLENCE IN TELEVISION, PARTICULARLY IN AN ACTION SERIES OR CARTOONS. THEY ARE AFRAID THAT PEOPLE, ESPECIALLY CHILDREN, WILL SEE THESE SHOWS AND THINK THAT THE ONLY WAY TO RESOLVE PROBLEMS IS THROUGH VIOLENT ACTS. I THINK THAT THERE ARE A LOT OF FACTORS OTHER THAN TELEVISION THAT EFFECTS PEOPLE. HAVE YOU EVER TRIED SOMETHING JUST BECAUSE YOU SAW IT ON TELEVISION? I'M SURE THAT ALL OF US HAVE DONE THAT AT ONE TIME OR ANOTHER. TELEVISION SHOWS THAT ARE VIOLENT CAN HAVE NEGATIVE EFFECTS ON THE WAY THAT CHILDREN ACT. TELEVISION HAS EMBEDDED ITSELF WITHIN THE LIFE OF THE TYPICAL AMERICAN PERSON. ACCORDING TO THE ENCARTA 96 CD ROM ENCYCLOPEDIA THEY CLAIM THAT, "BETWEEN THE AGES OF 2 AND 65 THE AVERAGE AMERICAN WILL WATCH 72,000 HOURS OF TELEVISION—AT 24 HOURS A DAY, A TOTAL OF 8 FULL YEARS. THE DAILY AVERAGE IS ABOUT 4 HOURS. THE HEAVIEST VIEWERS ARE HOUSEWIVES AND SENIOR CITIZENS. CHILDREN WATCH THE SAME AMOUNT OF TELEVISION AS DO ADULTS; TEENAGERS WATCH ABOUT AN HOUR LESS PER DAY." "EARLY EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHERS COMPARED THE PLAY OF CHILDREN WHO HAD SEEN AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR ON TELEVISION WITH THE PLAY OF A CONTROL GROUP OF CHILDREN WHO HAD WATCHED NONVIOLENT PROGRAMS. CONCERN WAS INTENSIFIED BY FINDINGS THAT INDICATED A HIGHER LEVEL OF AGGRESSIVE PLAY IN THE VIOLENT- TELEVISION GROUP"(ENCARTA). ALL YOU HAVE TO DO IS SURF SATURDAY MORNING CARTOONS TO SEE THE VIOLENCE. THE NINJA TURTLES ARE A PHENOMENON THAT HAS CAPTURED THE IMAGINATIONS OF MOVIE, COMIC, AND EVEN CARTOON FANS ACROSS SEVERAL GENERATIONS. A GROUP OF YOUNG, TEENAGE TURTLES WHO USE KUNG-FU AGAINST A GROUP OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF CREATURES. THIS SHOW ANIMATES EXPLICITLY HOW THEY BATTLE THESE CREATURES TO FIGHT FOR JUSTICE AND THE AMERICAN WAY. THEY LIVE IN THE SEWERS WITH THEIR TEACHER WHO IS A RAT, USING AN ASSORTMENT OF WEAPONS SUCH AS THE SWORD, NUMCHUCKS, NINJA FORKS, AND A NINJA STICK TO FIGHT FOES. IT SEEMS TO ME WHEN I LOOK OUTSIDE TO SEE THE CHILDREN PLAYING, THEY MIMIC THE NINJA TURTLES, PRETENDING THAT THEY ARE KILLING KRANG OR SHREDDER. IT NEVER FAILS IT ALWAYS SEEMS THAT THERE IS ONE CHILD THAT COMES IN CRYING BECAUSE ANOTHER KID (WHO THOUGHT HE WAS DONATELLO) WAS HITTING HIM WITH A STICK THAT HE USED FOR A SWORD. ALARMINGLY THIS PROBLEM SOMETIMES ESCALATES WHEN THE CHILD GETS OLDER AND THE CHILD IS SUBJECT TO MORE IDEAS BROUGHT ACROSS ON TELEVISION. NOT TOO FAR AWAY IN THE CHANNELS OF THE TELEVISION YOU HAVE MTV. IT IS A MUSIC BASED CHANNEL THAT PLAYS ALL TYPES OF MUSIC VIDEOS AND AN OCCASIONAL

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

In what ways does Shakespeare make the Banqueting scene dramatic? Essay

Through the drama of the play ‘Macbeth’, Shakespeare clearly wishes to examine the supernatural elements to illustrate guilt and consciousness caused by witchcraft and demonology. Thus, in examining these elements, Shakespeare’s dramatises Macbeth’s sociological affect on Duncan; to convey the importance of kingship and the consequences of particular choices. Firstly, Macbeth’s ideas of becoming king after receiving the prophecies from the witches had become very strong. Thus, His excitement prompted him to find out more from the witches ‘tell me more’ he asks them. Macbeth believed the knowledge given by them to be true. This curiosity suggests why he was so determined to become king. ‘My thought, whose murder is yet but fantastical’ Macbeth thought, the only way to become king was to kill Duncan. Furthermore, the king was God’s representative on earth and was chosen by god; hence, to kill the king would upset the natural order. Macbeth did not want to kill Duncan, but he wanted to fulfil his ambition of becoming king, therefore, the only way to do this was by killing Duncan. Although, the prophecies were given both to Macbeth and Banquo, Banquo did not believe the witches ‘†What! Can the Devil speak true?†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ However, Macbeth feared that the prophecy concerning Banquo would come true. Hence, this is why Macbeth arranged the killing of Banquo. Furthermore, the scene before the Banqueting scene shows Banquo being killed. This is followed by Macbeth’s happiness at being king. As a result, this would be dramatic for a modern audience, as Macbeth who arranged the killing appeared to have no conscience. Therefore, to show the scene of Banquo’s murder followed by Macbeth’s happiness would be dramatic for a modern audience. This is because; this would firstly, portray an evil appearance of Macbeth, and secondly, would convey how Macbeth is gentle hearted. The fact, that Macbeth was affected by the witches’ prophecies and reacted quickly to the situation: in terms of how his thoughts rapidly changed for the bad, determines how easily he can be influenced. Therefore, this is what led him to be responsible for murder plans as well as murders taking place; such as Duncan and Banquo’s death, and Fleance’s and Macduff’s family death plan. Moreover, at the beginning of the banquet, Macbeth appears to be confident in the way he speaks, ‘†You know your own degrees†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ addressing his guests to ‘†sit down†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ according to rank. At the moment, he is enjoying his position as king; his confidence in his speech suggests this. He knows Banquo will be killed and does not want Banquo alive, because of the prophecies. ‘†Tis better thee without, than he within†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ. If Banquo was alive, Macbeth feared that Banquo could have had a chance to become king. For Macbeth knows Banquo’s death will make him secure as king. This hope kept Macbeth occupied up until the murderer entered the room. Sequentially, when Banquo’s murderer enters, Macbeth gets excited getting prepared to find out the good news of Banquo’s death. However, when Macbeth says ‘†There’s blood upon thy face†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ this suggests, this whole time Macbeth showed he was confident through his speech to his guests; what is really going through his mind is kept hidden. In fact, Macbeth was panicking all this time something could happen. ‘†There’s blood upon thy face†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ, indicates Macbeth’s fear as King and insecure feelings. The ‘†blood†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ could symbolise a deep fear, pain and anger Macbeth is experiencing. Shakespeare’s use of dramatic irony is very effective here, as he is trying to create sympathy for Macbeth and tries to put across a message. As we learn that Macbeth’s does not have a strong character, we find out he is easily led into things. His weak character guides him to mischief. Macbeth did not want to kill these people; however, his ambition to become king had grown. To kill those who were king, or who were to become king was the only solution. It seems he loses control, leading himself from one evil to another, and thus, he is lost in his own thoughts. He feels regretful, but cannot stop himself from evil, as it has just become a habit. Although, Macbeth committed few murders under his crown, he regretted and felt remorseful for his actions leading to murder, this is what makes him an interesting character. Once Macbeth finds out Banquo is killed, he becomes excited ‘†yet he’s good that did the like for Fleance†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ, wanting to know that Fleance is also killed. If Fleance was still alive then he would have a chance to become king. The prophecy concerning Banquo mentioned that Banquo will be ‘†lesser than Macbeth, and greater†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Banquo will not become king, but his son can become king. This suggests that Macbeth would become king. ‘†Not so happy, yet much happier†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Banquo will not be alive, but his son will live and will have chance to become king. As for Macbeth he will become king but will be not be the rightful and happy king. When Macbeth finds out Fleance is still alive he has a ‘fit’. The drama of the fit has been emphasised to convey a message. Macbeth thought if both the Father and son were killed he would have ‘else been perfect’. If both son and father were killed Macbeth would have been ‘Whole as a marble, founded as a rock, as broad and general as the casing air’. The use of similes helps to convey a better understanding of Macbeth’s anxieties, helping the audience understand how Macbeth would have been free and powerful as king. Now that Fleance is alive Macbeth feels ‘†cabin’d, cribb’d, confin’d†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ the use of assonance is again emphasised to convey Macbeth’s fears, his doubts and insecure feelings as king. Macbeth wants Fleance killed ‘†Get thee gone; tomorrow†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ as he fears if Fleance is still alive, then he will have chance to become king. In addition, Macbeth goes back to join his quests and mentions that Banquo is not present at the banquet. Then, he goes onto expressing how he feels that Banquo is not present, ‘†Who I may rather challenge for unkindness†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ. No one at the banquet knows Macbeth is responsible for Banquo’s death; therefore, Macbeth takes advantage of this and blames Banquo for not being there, though, Macbeth is blameworthy. Although, Macbeth does this, inside he feels guilty for what he has done; his guilt is hidden from his guests. The dramatic irony is used, to explain Macbeth’s guilt. Macbeth cannot join his guests at the table, because ‘the table’s full’ at this moment Macbeth can see a figure sitting at his place. No one at the Banquet can see this figure accept for Macbeth. The dramatic irony is used here, to express how Macbeth was not the rightful king and instead Banquo was supposed to be king. Macbeth becomes fearful and worried ‘you canst not say, I did it’. Here Macbeth sees Banquo’s ghost, he feels really regretful for killing Banquo and feels frustrated. This frustration almost leads him to mentioning his guilt for killing Banquo. However, Lady Macbeth realises her husband’s short coming, and makes up a quick lie, to stop her husband for spitting out his guilt ‘†You shall offend him, and extend his passion†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ. Lady Macbeth tells the guest to ‘†keep seat†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ, if not they the guest will prolong his suffering and emotion. Furthermore, Lady Macbeth thinks her husband has put himself at ‘†shame†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ, thinking this fear is from killing Duncan. ‘†This is the very painting of your fear†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ the use of metaphor makes it more dramatic, expressing how Macbeth has a sense of fear on his face. That fact, that no one knew Banquo appeared as ghost, makes things even more dramatic. As for a modern audience, they would understand how Macbeth feels regretful for killing Banquo. ‘†You look but on a stool†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Lady Macbeth thinks her husband is crazy, thinking why does he feel regretful for killing Duncan. To a modern and Jacobean audience this would indicate that Macbeth was not the rightful king. She does not know that Macbeth was responsible for Banquo’s death. As Macbeth looks at the stool, Lady Macbeth does not know why Macbeth is looking at it. The fact, that Banquo comes back as ghost, is an unnatural event. After killing Duncan, Macbeth first and foremost, disorders the natural order, and this is why he sees illusions such as the ‘dagger’, ‘Banquo as a ghost’. In addition, after Macbeth’s wife tries to calm him, Macbeth feels normal again and mentions something about Banquo ‘†Would he were here†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ says to his guests. Macbeth sees Banquo as ghost again and goes crazy. His attitude changes to become angry due to seeing Banquo. When Banquo appears this time, Macbeth expresses his inward feelings, thus, expressing it strong. He expresses it quite strong; because this is way he is feeling, distressed and pained. This feeling is so intense that Macbeth wants to ‘quit’ his sight. The use of exclamation marks expresses his anger and fear. Macbeth compares his feeling to his wife’s, expressing how his cheeks are ‘blanch’d with fear’, after all that he has done. As Lady Macbeth does not know Macbeth was responsible for Banquo’s death, he describes his wife cheeks as ‘natural ruby’ and his cheeks to be full of fear. This expresses how Macbeth feels remorseful for Killing Banquo. The Banquet ends with disorder. As the banquet ends with disorder Lady Macbeth takes control ‘†Stand not upon the order of your going†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ. At the beginning of the scene, the guests were required to sit down according to rank, now they are told to leave not according to rank, but ‘all at once’. The drama is used to explain, how Macbeth did something which was against the rule of god and how he upset the natural order. This scene is emphasised to convey the message. The disorder of the banquet is used to express how Macbeth’s actions are leading him and Scotland towards disaster. To a modern audience this performance would have been expressed and portrayed well, and from it they would have understood the laws of the time. The performance of this scene would have been very exciting for a Jacobean audience; typically because it included themes related to witchcraft, demonology and the divine right of King which were based on the beliefs of the 17th century. The audience sitting to watch the performance would have been familiar and may have even believed in witchcraft. From this performance they would have realised the importance of kingship, and understand the consequences which would have led to killing a king. Moreover, to understand belief in witches was wrong, as this would have brought about harm. On the other hand, to a modern audience this play would have brought more or less realisation. As witchcraft is not widely believed today, this would make the audience come to understand why there is not much of it. Reasons such as war had led to discomfort, and sorrow around 17th century, hence, witchcraft was an alternative to happiness, and would have kept people occupied upon evil things. As the witches at the beginning of the play say ‘fair is foul, and foul is fair’ good is bad, and bad is good. Lady Macbeth’s order of leaving to the men was portrayed well. Shakespeare tries to explain how women did not have the right to command men, thus, this further reinforces the idea of disorder. The drama of this play is very effective, and thus, the disorder of play greatly reinforces the meaning of the play. Through, the use of dramatic irony, this first and foremost, warns the audience of the consequences which one could face in regards to killing a king. The message which is conveyed is the importance of kingship. In addition, by the use of drama this clearly portrays how killing of king leads to the disorder of the natural order; therefore, this is portrayed as a serious matter, thus, reinforcing the idea of how killing of king is very serious. Secondly, the disorder of play emphasises the point about how witchcraft can be a dangerous path to follow. By viewing the unnatural events, such as Banquo coming back as ghost, this portrays clearly how following the paths of witches can result in disaster and pain in ones life. The two main aspects in this play are the killing of king and witchcraft. The importance of kingship is greatly emphasised, as it is of great importance to both modern people and Jacobeans. The fact, that Shakespeare does not bring Macbeth back to sense, means the killing of king is wrong. It is used to emphasise the great importance of the position of king. James the I would have approved of this. At the time of the Jacobeans, the king was god’s representative on earth, to kill him would cause great disaster or disorder to the creation; hence, the position of kingship would affect society at large. For a modern society the understanding of killing the President or King would be very wrong and brutal. Shakespeare, explains and rages out how civilised it leaders are, it is evident that both the Jacobeans and the modernised society agree the importance of this, and I agree. Does anyone have the right to take the leader’s position away? If he sets legislations to keep you under safety, then think about the great disaster that would be brought about if someone killed him†¦

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Formal Analysis of Durer’s Knight, Death and the Devil

Uriah Funk Leila Armstrong Art 110 7 February, 2013 Formal Analysis of Durer’s Knight, Death and the Devil My first impression upon looking at Durer’s â€Å"Knight, Death and the Devil† is one of impending doom met with courage and a feeling of resigning to one’s fate. The figure of the Knight is surrounded by the figures of Death on his sickly horse and the beast faced Devil, along with a treacherous landscape that seems to fold in upon itself and hold other unseen dangers.The knight marches forward seeming to ignore the threats, as he leaves the safety of the city behind he is safe in his armor upon his loyal steed, for now. This engraving was done on copper; giving it a warm earthy tone. The absence of other colors gives the piece a dark feeling. Durer’s etching uses light very realistically, giving the figure of the horse especially a very convincing sheen. The absence of light behind the figures lends an abyssal element of danger connecting the literal dangers of Death and the Devil in the upper part of the work to the implied dangers in the lower part of the etching.With the abundance of hatching and cross hatching, lines appear from the texture of the objects and figures themselves, while other line work is direct and bold such as along the armor work of the knight. The eye is drawn to the left along the work at first by the implied motion of the knight and his dog. Other directional forces like the knight’s pike and sword as well as the trees in the background and the devils horn and spear draw the eye back across the space.The magnificent etching makes full use of shape, volume, shading, mass, size, scale, and texture to create an almost scientific realism that would not be out of place in biology textbooks. Durer uses space in the piece to create a sense of closing in around the knight with all of the darkest parts being immediately around the horse and rider. The only open space, or escape, is the sky above a nd behind the knight and he is not heading in this direction, further increasing the sense of danger. Atmospheric and linear perspective while present is minimal and only serve to reinforce the claustrophobic feel of the foreground.At first, the composition seems quite stable, the knight presenting a strong vertical line and his horse firmly grounding the rider, yet the relationship with background characters creates precarious unbalanced shapes. Overall these elements present a foreboding scene for the knight no matter how stable the stance of his horse and rigidity of his spine. The piece gives a very humanist feel, with texture, shading, and mass of the figures and objects having a down to earth almost touchable quality. Other elements like the lizard and skull suggest symbolism that intrigues the viewer to further investigation.Created by Albrecht Durer in 1513 Germany, the piece, according to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, has a connection to a religious literary work titled H andbook of a Christian Soldier. The engraving is 9. 6in x 7. 5in on copper. The small size probably allowed for detail in the work as well as to be useful in book illustration. Works Cited â€Å"Albrecht Durer: Knight, Death, and the Devil (43. 106. 2)†. In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. http://www. metmuseum. org/toah/works-of-art/43. 106. 2 (October 2006)

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Six Practical Tips to Find Clients

Six Practical Tips to Find Clients In June 2015 I swallowed my fear and pride and made the decision to call myself a writer. Since establishing my own writing business I have found success in two niches: writing articles for popular websites and writing blogs for corporate clients. Its no secret that the corporate clients I have are my real money-makers, and my source of steady income. Where are all these businesses that are willing to pay good money for a blog post? Follow these six tips and you will find more clients for your writing business too. 1. Â   Â   Â  E-mail potential clients. Sit down and write a list of 25 people you know who own a business and would benefit from a blog. Look through your Facebook and Twitter page. Ask your Mom if she knows of anyone. Then, write an email introducing yourself, the benefits of blogging, and exactly why you think this opportunity would benefit the individual business specifically. This email needs to be clear and concise and not feel like you sent it to 25 people. 2. Â   Â   Â  Offer incentives to current clients. If you are looking to build your client base it is a good idea to ask your current clients for some help. Once you feel youve established a good relationship with your client, approach them with an offer that they cant resist. For example, let your client know you are hoping to build your business and appreciate their trust and positive feedback. Then, offer them one free blog post per client referral. 3. Â   Â   Â  Use networking sites to build relationships. Use websites like LinkedIn and Facebook to network with potential clients. Share compelling information about the importance of online marketing and blogging to pique their interest. But make sure to take things one step further and reach out to those you are networking with. Introduce yourself and let them know you are available to talk more about your work and the value of your writing services. 4. Â   Â   Â  Introduce yourself to other popular writers Sometimes the way to break into the business is 5. Â   Â   Â  Put an ad in the paper. This may seem like an outdated idea, but the truth is many potential clients simply arent online. Consider putting an ad in your local paper letting people know you are a freelance writer specializing in corporate blogging. Make sure your advertisement is clear and professional, and consider hiring someone to make it for you. 6. Â   Â   Shout it from the rooftops. The best way to find potential clients is to look at every single person you come into contact with as a potential client. Keep a few business cards with you at all times. Let people know on all your social media platforms what you do. Chat with people at your local Starbucks and in the checkout line at the grocery store. Introduce yourself to your neighbors. Make sure everybody knows who you are and what you do, and watch your business grow. Now go out and use these tips to grow your client base. Come back here and let us know when you do!

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

About the United States Attorneys

About the United States Attorneys The United States Attorneys, under the direction and supervision of the Attorney General, represent the federal government in courtrooms across the entire nation. There are currently  93 U.S. Attorneys based throughout the United States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands. One United States Attorney is assigned to each of the judicial districts, with the exception of Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands where a single United States Attorney serves in both districts. Each U.S. Attorney is the chief federal law enforcement officer of the United States within his or her particular local jurisdiction. All U.S. Attorneys are required to live in the district to which they are appointed, except that in the District of Columbia and the Southern and Eastern Districts of New York, they may live within 20 miles of their district. Established by the Judiciary Act of 1789, the United States Attorneys have long been a part of the countrys history and legal system. Salaries of the U.S. Attorneys   Salaries of U.S. Attorneys are currently  set by the Attorney General. Depending on their experience, U.S. Attorneys can make from about $46,000 to about $150,000 a year (in 2007). Details on the current salaries and benefits of U.S. Attorneys can be found on the Web site of the Department of Justices Office of Attorney Recruitment and Management. Until 1896, U.S. Attorneys were paid on a fee system based on the cases they prosecuted. For attorneys serving coastal districts, where the courts were filled with maritime cases dealing with seizures and forfeitures involving expensive shipping cargo, those fees could amount to quite a substantial sum. According to the Justice Department, One U.S. Attorney in a coastal district reportedly received an annual income of $100,000 as early as 1804. When the Justice Department began regulating the salaries of the U.S. Attorneys in 1896, they ranged from $2,500 to $5,000. Until 1953, the U.S. Attorneys were allowed to supplement their incomes by retaining their private practice while holding office.   What the U.S. Attorneys Do The U.S. Attorneys represent the federal government, and thus the American people, in any trial in which the United States is a party. Under Title 28, Section 547 of the United States Code, the U.S. Attorneys have three main responsibilities: prosecution of criminal cases brought by the federal government;prosecution and defense of civil cases in which the United States is a party; andcollection of money owed to the government which cannot be collected administratively. Criminal prosecution conducted by U.S. Attorneys includes cases involving violations of the federal criminal laws, including organized crime, drug trafficking, political corruption, tax evasion, fraud, bank robbery, and civil rights offenses. On the civil side, U.S. Attorneys spend most of their courtroom time defending government agencies against claims  and enforcing social legislation such as environmental quality and fair housing laws. When representing the United States in court, the U.S. Attorneys are expected to represent and implement the policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. While they receive direction and policy advice from the Attorney General and other Justice Department officials, the U.S. Attorneys are allowed a large degree of independence and discretion in choosing which cases they prosecute. Prior to the Civil War, the U.S. Attorneys were allowed to prosecute those crimes specifically mentioned in the Constitution, namely, piracy, counterfeiting, treason, felonies committed on the high seas, or cases resulting from interference with federal justice, extortion by federal officers, thefts by employees from the United States Bank, and arson of federal vessels at sea How U.S. Attorneys are Appointed U.S. Attorneys are appointed by the President of the United States for four-year terms. Their appointments must be confirmed by a majority vote of the U.S. Senate. By law, U.S. Attorneys are subject to removal from their posts by the President of the United States. While most U.S. Attorneys serve full four-year terms, usually corresponding to the terms of the president who appointed them, mid-term vacancies do occur. Each U.S. Attorney is allowed to hire and fire Assistant U.S. Attorneys as needed to meet the case load generated in their local jurisdictions. U.S. Attorneys are allowed wide authority in controlling the personnel management, financial management, and procurement functions of their local offices. Prior to enactment of the Patriot Act Reauthorization Bill of 2005, on March 9, 2006, mid-term replacement U.S. Attorneys were appointed by the Attorney General to serve for 120 days, or until a permanent replacement appointed by the president could be confirmed by the Senate. A provision of the Patriot Act Reauthorization Bill removed the 120-day limit on the terms of interim U.S. Attorneys, effectively extending their terms to the end of the presidents term and bypassing the U.S. Senates confirmation process. The change effectively extended to the president the already controversial power of making ​recess appointments in installing U.S. Attorneys.

Sunday, November 3, 2019

What are the motivation behind sexual serial homocide Essay

What are the motivation behind sexual serial homocide - Essay Example er in which sexual contact is explicit" (Kellaher, 2004), other experts attribute this term to the homicidal act only if "the perpetrator describes an internal feeling of arousal" (Kellaher, 2004). There are some observations which indicate that the murder is sexual homicide. They are exposure of sexual parts of the body of the victim, victim attire, lack of victim attire, presence of the body of the victim in sexual position, presence of foreign bodies in the various cavities of the body of the victim, evidence of intercourse either, vaginally, orally or sexually and presence of evidence of substitute sexual interest, sexual activity or sadistic fantasy (Mirich, 2004). According to Schlesinger (2004), there is a dire need to understand the acts of sexual homicide by examining the criminal psychodynamics and also the crime context. Schlesinger (2004) emphasizes the need for forensic examiners to review and evaluate the statements made by witnesses and also collateral histories as available from the family members of the criminals and the employers. The numbers of sexual homicide cases which occur are not much known, but they constitute to about less than 1% of all murders. Over the past 35 years, it has been estimated that the rate of sexual murder has almost tripled. According to experts, in about 43% of cases, the victim was a stranger to the assailant and there was no known connection. According to the FBI study (qtd. in Mirich, 2003), all the serial sexual murderers were male, with most of them being white. The study also revealed that most of the victims of serial sexual killing were women. Another interesting finding in the FBI study (qtd. in Mirich, 2003) was that most of the killers were eldest sons with 80% having average or above average intelligence. Also, atleast 74% killers had a stable income and about 69% of the killers were alcoholics and 33% drug addicts. There were family histories of psychiatric disorders in 53% of killers. Many of them also

Friday, November 1, 2019

Medical equipment lifecycle ( Medical Equipment & Technology Services Essay - 1

Medical equipment lifecycle ( Medical Equipment & Technology Services Management) - Essay Example The technology life cycle of a medical component initiates in the design and acquisition phase, by means of the acceptance process. The technology life cycle of the medical component extends through its application in the clinical environment . Subsequently, it reaches the obsolescence phase where it is replaced and discarded after reaching its maximum life utility. The acquisition, approval and obsolescence of a medical technology occurs only once in its useful life (Chan, 2003, p. 13). The optimal application of technology incorporates a number of occupations and can occur over a variety of instances. This optimal application of medical technology can be deconstructed into two sub cycles. These sub cycles are the acquisition and application sub cycle. The acquisition sub cycle consists of the following events: Technology evaluation- Technology evaluation is a classification of policy study which reviews the short term and long term outcomes which are societal, ethical, legal and economic. These aspects constitute the comprehensive evaluation of the technology (Banta, 2009, p. 8). The gold criteria for clinical research assessment of novel medical technology is historically recognized as the Randomized Control Trial (RCT) (NHTSA, n.d.). A primary tenet of technology evaluation is â€Å"buying smart, not cheap†(University of Boston Massachusetts, 2010, p 9). In the technology evaluation, the following details are delineated: Guiding adaptation and application in medical equipment technology goes hand in hand. The important factor in being successful is carrying out a comprehensive and thorough planning procedure (NSBA, n.d.). Efficient technology designs are directed towards applications, instead of technology. The technology should be based on inputs and not results (See, n.d.). A new medical technology equipment system